General entry requirements + Civics 1b / 1a1 +1a2. Or: Civics A, English B.

The course comprises two modules; The Foundations of Peace and Conflict Studies, the rise of the global world order and its consequences, 15 credits, and Depictions of War and the Image of the Enemy, 15 credits.

The Foundations of Peace and Conflict Studies, the rise of the global world order and its consequences concerns peace and conflict studies at an all-encompassing and introductory manner. Historical and theoretical aspects of conflict are presented. An introduction to concepts and theories of the field is provided, as well as a history of conflicts, the development of the discipline and the history of ideas of peace and conflict studies.

Depictions of War and the Image of the Enemy concerns and is based on the concept cultural violence. In the course the complex interconnections between media and armed conflicts are presented. It does not only concern media representations of armed conflicts rather than the participation of in conflictual contexts, both as conflict generator as well as peace maker. Furthermore, how enemy images develop and how they can be counteracted will be discuss as well as the construction, aim and consequences of enemy images. Lastly, analytical tools for the study and deconstruction of enemy images will be provided. This module is divided into two separate part courses, 7,5 credits each.

After finishing the course, the student can show:

After finishing the course, the student can show the ability to:

After finishing the course, the student:

Learning activities are lectures, seminars, tutoring, group work, oral presentation, assessed home assignments, formal examinations, and self-studies.

Students’ performance in The Foundations of Peace and Conflict Studies, the rise of the global world order and its consequences, module 1, is appraise by means of a formal exam and a take home exam. Modules 2 in the same course is assessed by means of formal exam and oral exam.

The first module in Depictions of War and the Image of the Enemy is assessed by means of take home exam and oral group presentation. The second module in the same course is assessed by means of a take home exam and oral examination.

More detailed instructions of the examination and grading criteria will be provided at the start of the course module.

Re-sit examinations

Students who do not pass the regular course exams have the minimum of two re-sit opportunities. Re-sits follow the same form as the original exams, apart from re-sits for group work, which take the form of individual written and oral assignments.

Part 1: The History of Conflicts and the Idea of Peace (7,5)

o Bauman, Zygmunt (2004). “Are there too many of them?”, excerpt from Wasted Lives: Modernity and its Outcasts

o Cortright, David (2008). “Toward Internationalism” and “Facing Facsism”, excerpts from Peace: A History of Movements and Ideas, (47 pages, e-book)

o Darwin John, (1997). “Imperialism and the Victorians: The Dynamics of Imperial Expansion”, The English Historical Review

o Engels, Frederick (1845). “The Great Towns”, excerpt from The Condition of the Working Class in England

o Gasperini, Alberto (2008). "Globalisation, Reconsiliation and the Conditions for Conserving Peace", Global Society Vol 22, No. 1, pp. 27-55

o Kaplan, Robert (February 1994). “The Coming Anarchy”, Atlantic

o Morrow, John (2005). History of Political Thought - A Thematic introduction (Palgrave Macmillan) (selected parts)

o Pratt, Mary Louise “Science, Planetary Consciousness, Interiors”, excerpt from Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation (1992).

o Said, Edward (1979). “Introduction to Orientalism”, excerpt from Orientalism

o Scott, James C. (1999). “Nature and Space”, excerpt from Seeing Like a State

o Timberg Craig and Halperin, Daniel (February 27, 2012). “Colonialism in Africa helped launch the HIV epidemic a century ago”, Washington Post

o Thompson E. P., (1971). “The Moral Economy of the English Crowd”, Past & Present

o de Tocqueville, Alexis (1840). “A Fortnight in the Wilderness”, Democracy in America, Appendix 2

o Vale, Lawrence J., “Early Designed Capitals: For Union, For Imperialism, For Independence”, excerpt from Architecture, Power and National Identity.

o Wallerstein, Immanuel (1974). “Rise and Future Demise of the World Capitalist System”, Comparative Studies in Society and History

o Williams, Paul D (ed.) (2013) Security Studies, An Introduction. (Routledge) (selected parts, will also be used during term 2) (540p.)

o Önnerfors, Andreas (2012), “Cosmopolitanism”, excerpts in H Anheiner, M. Juergensmeyer and V Faesell (eds.), Encyclopedia of Global Studies (27 pages)

Part 2: The Foundations of Peace and Conflict

o Galtung, Johan, 1969, “Violence, Peace and Peace Research.” Journal of Peace Research 3:167-191 Available through the library’s “search articles” (J-Stor database)

o Kaldor, Mary (latest edition) //New and Old Wars,// Blackwell Publishers

o Shepher-Hughes, N. and P. Bourgois (ed.s), latest edition, Violence in War and Peace: An Anthology, Blackwell Publishing (selected parts)

o //Security Studies. An Introduction// (2008), Paul D. Williams (ed.) (London and New York: Routledge)

100 pages might be added.

In addition students must prepare an oral presentation based on a book (e.g. novel, collection of short stories, autobiography) or a film (e.g. documentary, fiction or the like). A list of works to choose from will be made available at the commencement of the course.

Part 1: Media and War (7,5)

o Carruthers, Susan L. (2000) //The media at war: communication and conflict in the twentieth century// (Basingstoke: Macmillan; New York: St. Martin's Press)

o Galtung, Johan (1990). “Cultural Violence”, i //Journal of Peace Research, //Vol. 27, No. 3 (Aug., 1990), pp. 291–305

o Hoskins, Andrew & Ben O’Loughlin (2010) //War and Media //(Cambridge:// //Polity Press) (chosen parts)

o Lynch Jake and McGoldrick, Annabel, (2005), Peace Journalism (Stroud: Hawthorn Press)

o //War and the Media: Reporting Conflict 24/7// (2003) Thussu, D. K. & D. Freedman (eds.) (London: Sage) Available as an electronic copy at the library (chosen parts)

Additional literature can be added (50 pages)

Part 2: Enemy Images (7,5)

o Ahnaf, Muhammad I. (2006) //Image of the Other as Enemy// (Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books)

o Brewer, Marilynn B. (1996). “When Contact is not Enough: Social Identity and Intergroup Cooperation” International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 20, No. 3-4, pp. 291-303

o Entman, Robert M. (1993). “Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm.” i //Journal of Communication//, vol. 43 No. 4, 51-58. (8 pages)

o Entman Robert M. (1994) "Representation and Reality in the Portrayal of Blacks on Network Television News” in //Journalism Quarterly//, Vol 71 pp. 509-520

o Galtung, Johan (1990). “Cultural Violence”, in //Journal of Peace Research, //Vol. 27, No. 3 (Aug., 1990), pp. 291–305

o Harle, Vilho (2000) //The Enemy with a Thousand Faces//, (Westport: Praeger) pp. 9-23

o Keen, Sam (2004). //Faces of the Enemy, Reflections of the Hostile Imagination// (3rd ed). (San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco)

o Lindsey Blanton, Shannon (1996). “Images in Conflict, The Case of Ronald Reagan and El Salvador”, International Studies Quaterly, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp.23-44

o Mania, Eric W. et a. (2009). “Intergroup Contact, Implications for Peace Education” Handbook of Peace Education, New York: Psychology Press

o Murray, Shoon Kathleen and Cowden, Jonathan A. (1999). “The Role of ‘Enemy Images’ and Ideology in Elite Belief System” International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 43, pp. 455-481

o Pettigrew, Thomas F. (1998). “Intergroup Contact Theory” Annual Review of Psychology, Vol. 49. pp. 65-85

o Post, Jerrold M (1999). “The Psychopolitics of Hatred: Commentary on Ervin Staub’s Article” in //Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Journalism //5 (4), p. 34

o The SAGE Handbook of Prejudice, Stereotyping and Discrimination (c2010). Ed. John Dovidio (London: SAGE) (selected parts)

o Snyder, Mark; Tanke, Elizabeth Decker; Berscheid, Ellen (1977) “Social Perception and Interpersonal Behavior: On the Self-Fulfilling Nature of Social Stereotypes” in //Journal of Personality and Social Psychology// 1977, Vol. 35, No. 9, 656-666

o Steiner, Kristian (forthcoming), “//The Image of Islam and Muslims in Swedish Radical Christian Press”

o Zur, O. (1991). ”The Love of Hating: The Psychology of Enmity”, //History of European Ideas//, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 345-369

Additional literature can be added (50 pages)

All students are offered an opportunity to give oral and written feedback at the end of the course. A summary of the results will be made available. The students are also given a possibility to offer feedback for each module/unit.

Student's influence the education by participating in the course council.